{"id":133706,"date":"2018-10-16T12:59:54","date_gmt":"2018-10-16T15:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/350.org\/pt\/?p=133706"},"modified":"2023-10-03T09:37:05","modified_gmt":"2023-10-03T12:37:05","slug":"peoples-dossier-arctic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/350.org\/pt\/peoples-dossier-arctic\/","title":{"rendered":"Na linha de frente das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, o povo Saami testemunha o derretimento do \u00c1rtico, destruindo suas tradi\u00e7\u00f5es"},"content":{"rendered":"

Anterior aos finlandeses, aos suecos e aos vikings, o povo Saami vive no extremo norte da Europa. A popula\u00e7\u00e3o sobreviveu ao clima mais adverso por milhares de anos nas regi\u00f5es do \u00c1rtico localizadas na Su\u00e9cia, na Finl\u00e2ndia, na Noruega e na R\u00fassia. Mas as mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas tornaram a vida dos Saami muito mais dif\u00edcil. Agora, eles enfrentam o aumento da temperatura no \u00c1rtico e condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas imprevis\u00edveis.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>O \u00c1rtico est\u00e1 esquentando duas vezes mais r\u00e1pido que a m\u00e9dia global. Camadas de gelo inesperadas tornam perigoso o deslocamento pelos lagos. H\u00e1 registros de afogamentos de pessoas e renas por conta da redu\u00e7\u00e3o incomum da espessura do gelo. No in\u00edcio de 2018, cientistas ficaram alarmados quando o lago de gelo mais robusto do \u00c1rtico, no norte da Groenl\u00e2ndia, come\u00e7ou a se romper pela primeira vez na hist\u00f3ria. Neste ver\u00e3o, a seca e os inc\u00eandios sem precedentes no C\u00edrculo Polar \u00c1rtico provocaram danos s\u00e9rios na pastagem das renas \u2013 que levar\u00e1 d\u00e9cadas para se recuperar.<\/span><\/p>\n\"\"\n

\"\"

Photo: Mose Agestam<\/p><\/div>\n

As renas s\u00e3o essenciais na vida dos Saami. Elas s\u00e3o usadas como meio de transporte e na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de leite e carne. O saber tradicional de pastoreio desses animais passou de gera\u00e7\u00e3o em gera\u00e7\u00e3o, incluindo conhecimentos sobre como usar a terra durante oscila\u00e7\u00f5es extremas do clima. Entretanto, devido ao aumento dr\u00e1stico das temperaturas, os pastores de renas Saami precisam lutar contra as adversidades.<\/p>\n

Jonas Vannar destaca as dificuldades que vem enfrentando. O aquecimento do \u00c1rtico e o crescente desmatamento da regi\u00e3o dificultam a alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o das renas, que t\u00eam o l\u00edquen como principal item de sua dieta.<\/p>\n

“Para os pastores, \u00e9 fundamental que as renas possam encontrar comida sozinhas. Elas sentem o cheiro do l\u00edquen embaixo da neve. Quando a temperatura oscila no inverno, camadas de gelo se formam sobre a superf\u00edcie, fazendo com que elas n\u00e3o consigam mais fazer isso. Elas come\u00e7am, ent\u00e3o, a procurar l\u00edquen pendurado nas \u00e1rvores. […] Isso agrava o conflito com a ind\u00fastria florestal, porque o l\u00edquen geralmente cresce em \u00e1rvores mais velhas. Quando voc\u00ea derruba uma floresta, o l\u00edquen tamb\u00e9m desaparece”, explica Vannar. Ele teve a triste experi\u00eancia de ver renas morrerem em seus bra\u00e7os devido \u00e0 falta de comida \u2013 algo que espera n\u00e3o presenciar novamente.<\/p>\n

Mas os problemas que os Saami enfrentam n\u00e3o se devem somente \u00e0s mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas. Projetos envolvendo a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de represas de usinas hidrel\u00e9tricas amea\u00e7am seu estilo de vida. A instala\u00e7\u00e3o de uma represa interrompe o caminho habitual das renas, que correm \u00e0 margem dos rios, al\u00e9m de alterar os padr\u00f5es h\u00eddricos naturais. Normalmente, o fluxo dos rios \u00e9 maior no ver\u00e3o do que no inverno. A represa coleta a \u00e1gua na esta\u00e7\u00e3o mais quente e a libera no per\u00edodo mais frio, tornando as camadas de gelo ainda mais finas. A vila saami onde Vannar vive precisou mudar o caminho das renas para longe da \u00e1gua.<\/p>\n

You can stand in solidarity with communities confronting climate change around the world. Register a local delivery action on October 13 to send the message: science says we must get off fossil fuels.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Take action for 1.5\u00b0C<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

The window to stay below 1.5\u00b0C of warming is closing fast. People\u2019s lives are at stake \u2013 we must get to zero fossil fuels as fast as possible.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0Read the full People’s Dossier with stories on 1.5\u00b0C here. <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As \u00e1reas de pastagem e rotas de migra\u00e7\u00e3o das renas s\u00e3o afetadas pelo calor fora de escala, pelo desflorestamento e por projetos de infraestrutura de energia. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10012012,"featured_media":133709,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,4,28],"tags":[465],"class_list":["post-133706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-impacts","category-featured","category-global","tag-peoples-dossier"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNa linha de frente das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, o povo Saami testemunha o derretimento do \u00c1rtico, destruindo suas tradi\u00e7\u00f5es - 350 Portugu\u00eas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/350.org\/pt\/peoples-dossier-arctic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Na linha de frente das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, o povo Saami testemunha o derretimento do \u00c1rtico, destruindo suas tradi\u00e7\u00f5es\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As \u00e1reas de pastagem e rotas de migra\u00e7\u00e3o das renas s\u00e3o afetadas pelo calor fora de escala, pelo desflorestamento e por projetos de infraestrutura de energia.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/350.org\/pt\/peoples-dossier-arctic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"350 Portugu\u00eas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-10-16T15:59:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-03T12:37:05+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/350.org\/pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2018\/10\/Image-2017-05-12-at-3.40.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"558\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"D\u00e9bora Gastal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@deboragastal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"D\u00e9bora Gastal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/peoples-dossier-arctic\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/peoples-dossier-arctic\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"D\u00e9bora Gastal\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0632d7eab67421462b6ff196d89cb5a7\"},\"headline\":\"Na linha de frente das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, o povo Saami testemunha o derretimento do \u00c1rtico, destruindo suas tradi\u00e7\u00f5es\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-16T15:59:54+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-03T12:37:05+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/peoples-dossier-arctic\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":629,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/peoples-dossier-arctic\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/12\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Image-2017-05-12-at-3.40.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"People's Dossier\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Climate Impacts\",\"Featured\",\"Global\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/peoples-dossier-arctic\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/350.org\\\/pt\\\/peoples-dossier-arctic\\\/\",\"name\":\"Na linha de frente das mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, o povo Saami testemunha o derretimento do \u00c1rtico, destruindo suas tradi\u00e7\u00f5es - 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